Working-beam for steam-engines



(No Model.) 3 Sheets--Shee-t l. C. E. EMERY. WORKING BBAMPOR STEAM ENGNES.

Patented Mar. 5, 1889.`

Noi 398 l W I Ne WIM/55555 N, PETERS. mamumognpher, wmwgton. n a

(No Modeh) 3 Sheets-Sheet 2.

- C. E. EMERY.

WORKING-BEAM FOR STEAM ENGINES.

No. 398,956. Patented Mam. 5, 1889.

1W] TN'E SSES.

N. FUCRS, mmm-Luhmann", washingtnn, D, C.

C. E. EMERY. WORKING BEAM FOB STEAM'BNGINBS.'

3 Sheets-Sheet 3.

(No Model.)

No. 398,956. Patented Maf. 5, 1889.

llnrrnn Stairs amener @Home ("IIARTES E. EMERY, 0F BROOKLYN, NEYV YORK.

WORKING-BEAM FOR STEAM-ENGINES.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 398,956, dated March 5, 1889.

I Application tiled June 7, 1838. Serial No, 276,387- (No model.)

'To @ZZ whom Z may concern,..-

'keyed a east-iron web in the general .form of a Cross, with horizontal arms longer than the Vertical ones. At the longer angles ot' the lozenge piu-hides are provided Afor the main connections. The web of the beam is provided with a eeniral openingr tor the main eenter piu and other openings each side ot' the same for eoni'iet-,tious to pumps, the. The beam strap is ordinarily a large forging, built up," as it is Called, by welding together many pieces. A foring of this kind is deeieut in strength, homogeneity. and exten-sibility as compared with smaller bars ot" rolled iron. Sueh beam-strapshave broken in many eases, causingl the wreek of the principal parts of the engine and mueh of the surrounding wood-work, and also not uni'requeutly loss of lite. lu my improveil beam the beanrstrap composed ot a number oi' eyefbars similar to those used in the construction of hridges,\\l1ieh are artieulz'lted together au d secured in tension over the web oli' the beam. The art of making,l eye-bars has reached a high state of perfection. The shanks are iu sueh i'orm that they eau be worked so as toseeure thehighest possible tensile strength of the material, and by well-known processes and proportions the eyes eau be made of the same strength as the hars. The `eye-bars can therefore be made much stronger per unit of section than the heavy forgiugs previously used. A detect in one will rarely Cause breakage ot the whole, and it' the number ot bars and aetorof safety he made suli'ieiently large one bar may break and the others Continue to do the work until the diiiienlty is diseovered and remedied.

ln the drawings, l `igure l is a vertical elevation of one t'orm of the working-beam as improved, and Fig. 2 is a plan View of the strap of the same for a portion of its length. Fig. 3 is a part-length elevation of a modified forni of the improved working-beam, and Fig. 4f. is a horizontal part-length view of the strap for the same. Fig. 5 is a part-length` elevation of another modiiieation of the improved working-beam, and Fig. U is a partlength plan of the same. ll `igx 7 is a view in elevation of one end of still another modification of the working-beam, and Fig. S a plan view of the same. Fig. is an elevation oi one end of still another inodiiieation, andV Fig, lO represents a split pin for the same. Fig. ll is au elevation of a special saddle for the end of the web ol the beam, and Fig. 'l2 is a plan view oi' the same. Fig. if) is a side elevation of a special saddle for the ends of the short arms of the web of the beam7 and Fig'. le a plan View ot' a saddle ior the ends of the long arms otl the web of the beam.

A is the web ot' the beam, provided with long' arms A A, shorter arms, AL A2, and diagonal arms A3 Ai".

l I) o is the beam-strap, composed ot' a number of eye-bars.

Parts lettered (2 represent plain Clamps, C3 plate-clamps with draw-key.r and C'l bolt- Clamps.

D is the main Center.

E represents the main connection-pins at ends ot" beam; ll, the pins for connecting` the eye-bars together at the halt-length of the beam.

F shows location for plus to eonneet to pumps, d e.=

G are keys t'or tightening;l the compound strap over the web.

In all eases it is proposed to make the web A ot' the beam of the same general shape as now used with ordinary beam -straps In Figs. l andi the four sides of the beam-strap are made up oi eye-bars each of a length to form a side of the rhemboidal figure. The several bars are joined together at the ends by large pins E and at the top and bottom by large pins ll. The pins E may be extended laterally and eonstrneted with journals M 'for the main connections. The eyebars on eaeh of the sides of the rhomboirrlal figure are preferably arranged. on the pins in pairs, the outer ones lo the right and the in `ner ones to the left, as in Fig. 2, or vice versa, and this arrangement is duplicated as many times as is necessary to secure the strength, four pairs being shown in Fig. 2. In some eases, however, an odd number of heavier bars may be arranged on one side and an even number ot' lighter ones with the same aggregate thickness on the other, as is common in bridge construction. The bars below the center engage at their ends with those above in the same general way-that is, they are arranged in pairs-fthe outer ones up and the inner ones down at one end of the beam, and the inner ones up and the outer ones down at the other.

In the construction shown in Figs. l and 2 the several pairs of straps are separated at the end by strut-plates .I J J on the end ot the web of the beam, (see Fig. 14,) which have eyes horizontally through them to receive the end pins, E, and may have vertical slots in their ends to receive keysj jj to engage with nicks in the pins E.v Upon the ends of the shorter arms, A2, are placed saddles K, which receive strut-plates 7tt 7u, (see Fig. 13,) which go between the pairs of eye-bars in the same way as described with relation to Fig. 14. The saddles K are set out from the ends of t-he shorter arms, A2, by keys, as shown, and thereby tighten the strap upon the web ot' the beam. The strut-plates J J J, Fig. I4, may also be formed upon saddles, as is shown in Fig. 5, making adjustment at each of the angles, it' desired. In Figs. and 6 eyes are provided only at the ends ot the beam, and the eye-bars are bent, as shown, over the two side arms of the web and preferably thickened at the bends to keep up the strength.

The saddles K are fitted to the interior curves of the bars, and are set out by keys G G between the saddles and tablets on the ends of the short arms A2 A2 of the beam. The saddles may, however, be omitted and the ends of the beam carried out nearly to tit the strap and the keys applied directly between the ends ofthe arms and the bars forming the strap, if desired. The bars maybe grouped in pairs and separated at each end by strutpieces similar to those shown in Fig. 14, or

the arrangement shown in Fig. 6 be used, in which there are practically two beams, each provided with a web and an eye-bar up and another down, or multiples of the same on each side of the same, the two beams being placed side by side and connected together at the center land as often as desired; also by the pins l1 E at t-he ends of the beam and those at F for the pumps. The two webs can be cast or constructed separately and bolted together, as shown in Fig. G. IV hen bolted together, the pins may be shouldered down at each end to pass through the beams. If east together, the end pins should pass through sleeve-struts or distance-pieces. In either way it is possible to make thejournals 'for the connections between the two parts of the double beam and on the center line of the compound beam. Half of this beam will also be practicable with overhanging pins.

In the modification shown in Fig. 3 the eye-bars are articulated together only at the middle of the beam, and are bent round the end of the web, as is shown. Preferably the bars are brought close together at the ends and spread at the center to permit the artieulation of an odd number on one side and an even number on the other. The strap is tightened by keys under side saddles, K, and by driving wedges G between the strap and end ot the web.

To avoid running strut-plates J J between the pairs of eye-bars, as shown in Figs. i, 2, and 14:, it is proposed in certain cases to make end saddles, as shown in Figs. il and l2, which, as will be seen, are provided first with a wedge-shaped piece to wedge between the eye-bars, and in addition with a series of rudimentary strut-pieces, m n, onemi, turning down to rest under an eye-bar running up, the other, n, turning up to rest upon another eye-bar running down. The rear of this saddle is provided with means for wedging the same against the web, as in other cases.

Still another method of dispensing with the strut-plates shown in Fig. 14 is to form the bars at the ends with the projection P at rightangles to the center line of the beam, as shown in Fig 9, such projection for the upper bars, B,turning downward and for the lower bars, b, turning upward. The offset thus formed abuts against a wedge-shaped block, Q, which may be set out by wedges G from the end of the web of the beam, and thus tighten the bars on the web. These eye-bars are shown bent over the intermediate arms, as in Fig. 5; but evidently there may be side articulations, as well as end ones, as in Fig. l. The offsets P may seem to be an insecure way of taking up the thrust; but the system will be theoretically correct so long as the lines passing through the centers of the upper and lower bars, B and b, and the center of the web intersect at the center ot" the pin E. To remove the look of insecurity, however, and stiften the beam against the various wringing changes to which it may at times be subjected, it is proposed, as shown in Fig. 7, to make the end of the saddle-piece Q concave and to bore in it and in the abutting-face of the part P a hole, in which is to be inserted a large pin, R, thereby interlocking the saddle Q on the end of thebeam and the projecting piece I on each of the bars firmly together, so the bars may be placed close together alternately up and down, as shown in Fig. 4, thus saving the room required for the strut-bars in Fig. i4. The pin R is also a convenient way of forming the thrust-connection at any angle, even if the web be not articulated at such angle, since the hole for the same may be bored in place after all the parts are clamped -together and. a large amount of hand-work saved. The

.lips p p on saddle Q. may also be run ont al- IOO IIO

ternatcly up and down between the eye-bars to engage with the horizontal portions of the lugs l. and still further aid in steadying' and giving' apparent stability to the structure, and this construction may be adopted and the pin R omitted, or vice versa, it desired. Evidently, also, the saddle Q may be formed on the web and wedges placed in proper seats arranged opposite each other in the end of the web and the projections P. ln 7 and i) the end pins 1nay,if desired, be extended to ferm bearings for the main connections, or the saddle Q, as shown in Fig. 0, may have an opening', E, to receive the pin for the end connections, and the pin S at the extreme end of the beam be used simply to articulate the joints,in which ease it is preferable to divide it longitudinally and place wedges between the parts, as shown in Fig. 1 0, to insure a solid fit calculated to resist both cont pressive and tensile strains. The bars may in these several ways be connected to form a continuons beam-strap, which can be tightened over the web in one of the ways shown to act eilciently in tension; but in compression the lull strength oi. the bars cannot bc utili/ed unless they are l'neventcd from buckling. This is accomplished by binding' them together by means of clamps of different forms adapted to the portion olf the compound strap operated upon, the spaces between the Yflat sides of the eye-bars opposite the clamps being; previously iilled with distance-pieces or checks, so that the elannas will bring all the bars laterally to a solid bearing. At the garter-lengths ol the bea-m i he diagonal arms are fitted or wedged against the compound strap, and plate-clamps C5 Cigwith holesI fortwo or more bolts and for key, are clamped by the bolts tothe compound strap at the same time that the keys are driven, and thus preventshake. To accomplish this the inner bolts adjoining the keys are made loose in the holes in the web, so that the key draws the outer bolts tightly against the strap. The same arrangement or an ordinary band or plate-strap may be used at the half-lengths ot the beam-strap when the eyebars are not articulated at such points. Atpoints where the strap is clear ot the web plain clamps C C are employed, consisting` ol' two plates on opposite sides of the compound beam-strap held tightly together by bolts. U-bolts may also be used with a single outside plate to accomplish the same purpose. Viihen the several bars are separated, as in Fig. 2, distancepieces s, with a thickness equal to the exact dis tance between the bars, are to be put between the latter and shaped substantially like the outside clamps, so as to receive the bolts and thus be kept in place.

If desired, the strap may be swelled out to correspond to the shape of the clamps and the bolts put through the lugs thus formed.

Bolts forming bolt-clamps C'L C4 maybe put through the beam-strap to clamp the parts together, if desired, the metal of the bars being swelled out opposite the holes to keep up the strength. The distance-pieces between the bars are designated s, and are shown only at the left in Fig: over bolt-clamp GL and for plate-clamps C3 and C in Fig. l, being omitted elsewhere to avoid confusing; the drawings. rlhe eyes et' the bars are tightly clamped together, preferably by large nuts N, screwed upon threaded portions of pins E and H.

That l claim as my invention, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is

l. In combination, to form a working-beam, eye-bars, connecting-pins, a web, and devices for straining the eye-bars over the web.

2. In combiimtion with a beam-strap composed of eye-bars and a web over which the eye-bars are strained, pins connecting the eyebars provided with journals for the mainconnections.

23. A working-beam provided with a strap composed olf cye-bars, a web over which the eye-bars are strained, and clamps and necessary distance-pieces applied at various intermediate points along' the eye-bars to hold the rame rigidly together, so that they will act as a unit in compression, substantially as described.

l. ln a working-beam provided with a strap composed ot eye-bars and a suitable web, adj ust-able saddles transmitting the thrust of the eye-bars to the arms of the web.

5. In a working-beam, an eyefbar forming` part of the strap and provided with a lateral lug', l), near the eye, adapted to transmit the strains arising from the tension ot' the bar when connected with other parts to an arm on the web, substantially described.

G. 'lhe web ot' a working-beam and a strap for the same provided with a lateral projection at one ot the angles, combined with a pin, R, substantially as described.

CHAS. E. .LNIERY Vfi tn esses:

Eow. E. Bil-temmen,

. Ronin M. Rnnvs.

IOO 

